Principles of teaching Social science

Principles of Teaching 

A principle may be regarded as a statement which reflects the fundamental truth about some phenomenon. It establishes cause and effect relationship and serves as a guide to thought and action.

The teaching principles are the statements of fundamental truth which provides guidelines for effective teaching strategies.

Some major principles of teaching are 

1. Principle of activity

Children are active in nature and any process that is based upon student activity will make learning effective and meaningful. This principle of teaching motivates the learners and makes them active participants in the learning process.

2. Principle of motivation

This principle demands that the teacher will do his best to motivate all children to learn. Motivation arouses the interest of children and once they become interestedly they are willing to concentrate and work.

3. Principle of self education

Best teaching should enable the child to learn by his own efforts. 

4. Principle of individual difference

No two children are alike. This principle states that teaching should cater the individual difference among learners.

5. Principle of goal setting

A definite goal must be set before each child according to the standard expected of him. It must be remembered that goals should be very clear, definite and well stated. Children should be aware of these goals.

6. Principle of stimulation

This principle emphasises that the guidance of the teacher is mainly a matter of giving right kind of stimuli that would help to create motivation, arouse interest and promote action on the part of the learners

7. Principle of effect

This principle states that a responds is strengthened if it is followed by pleasure, and weakened if it is followed by displeasure.  Effective learning can be achieved only by making it a pleasurable experience

 8. Principle of training of senses

Sense organs are the gateways of knowledge. If teachers use multisensory approach, learning becomes more effective and long lasting.

9. Principles of group dynamics

Under the influence of group, certain changes in the behaviour of the members  can take place. Under a group condition students thoughts, feelings etc are more or less alike. So the teacher should create a suitable climate for the effective functioning of group spirit in the classroom.

10. Principle of creativity

Every student by nature possesses some element of creativity which must be explored and fostered by the teacher. This could be achieved by providing opportunities and situations among students. 

11. Principle of linkage with life

Teaching should always be in a social context. All learning experiences should have social relevance as far as possible. These should be correlated to the life of the individual as well as that in the society

12. Principle of remedial teaching

All students cannot learn with the same speed and accomplishment. Some wanted extra caring. There can be serious gaps in the cognitive structure of certain pupils and this will stand in the way of further learning. Such difficulties, gaps, deficiencies, etc. should be diagnosed and and remedial instruction should be provided.

13. Principle of creating conducive environment

This principle states that, the teacher should create a proper physical, psychological as well as a social environment for the students that would facilitate effective learning.

14. Principle of planning

Planning determines the quality or success of any task. The principle of planning suggests that the teacher should plan properly before the delivery of the lesson

15. Principle of flexibility

This principle suggests that the teacher should readily change his strategies of teaching, in accordance with the changes in the teaching-learning environment.